Two distinct study areas guide the effects assessment: 1) the Local Study Area (LSA), covering the land  within the Project Footprint and a 1-kilometre buffer area for most species at risk but larger for others (Caribou and Wolverine – 10 km), and 2) the Regional Study Area (RSA) which the LSA, plus a 5-kilometer buffer area for birds and bats, 75 km for Wolverine and entire range for Caribou, to assess potential larger area for effects, including cumulative effects. The LSA and RSA include Ontario Crown lands, the Webequie First Nation Reserve, and the Ring of Fire area. 

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